李豐楙 LEE, FONG-MAO

中央研究院 院士

政治大學名譽講座教授、中央研究院中國文哲研究所兼任研究員，中央研究院院士。學術領域為道教文學、道教文化及華人宗教等，發表論文兩百餘篇，出版專著十餘部及調查報告十餘種。早期的研究集中於「道教文學」，並擴及《道藏》的經典研究、乃至道教文化與漢人社會的關係。研究方法兼綜經典文本、歷史文獻、田野調查及實踐經驗。根據民族思維的陰陽互補，提出「常與非常」的文化結構，與西方的「聖與俗」理論對話；並將其使用於詮釋文化現象：廟會節慶、生產與變化、死亡關懷，解除法術以及敘事人物的類型等。道教文學論述神仙神話，從遊仙詩、仙歌到遊歷仙境小説；又針對出身修行志傳體小說，結合謫凡神話詮釋奇書文體，諸如《水滸傳》、《西遊記》等，提出回返仙班的敘事結構。認為道教神話可以接續上古神話，其一出一納的收藏效應亦即「文化百寶箱」，在出與納間形成保存文化的作用。田野調查著重硏究公、私儀式，從張弛有度的社會文化觀察，諸如三元節、慶成建醮以及王醮等，俱屬漢人社會中公眾性的非日常活動；而私儀式則如喪祭、改運等私人、私家儀式，探討神話、儀式與地方社會如何形成聯繫關係。此外在海外的調查研究，針對馬來西亞出版《從聖教到道教：馬華社會的節俗、信仰與文化》，論證馬華社會如何因應環境所需。從民間習俗而漸趨「教節一體化」。晚近的跨領域研究則觸及道教圖像，既與博物館界合作舉辦展覽：台南鄭成功文化館、世界宗教博物館，也運用道壇畫比較故宮博物院珍藏的仙山圖、三官考校圖等，試圖在中國藝術史補上「道教藝術」的一個環節。

LEE Fong-mao is an Honorary Chair Professor at National Chengchi University, a Research Fellow at the Institute of Chinese Literature and Philosophy, Academia Sinica, and an Academician at Academia Sinica. His academic expertise lies in Taoist literature, Taoist culture, and Chinese religions. He has published over 200 research papers and authored more than ten monographs and over ten different types of research reports. LEE’s early research focused on “Taoist literature” and expanded to include the study of Taoist classics in the Daozang (Taoist Canon) and the relationship between Taoist culture and Han Chinese society. His research methods integrate classical texts, historical documents, fieldwork, and practical experience. Based on the concept of yin-yang complementarity in Chinese ethnological thinking, he proposed the “Ordinary and Extraordinary” cultural structure to engage in dialogue with the Western theory of “Sacred and Secular.” He applied this framework to interpret various cultural phenomena, including temple festivals, production and transformation, death care, exorcism rituals, and narrative character types. In his discussions of Taoist literature, LEE explores the myths of immortals, ranging from “Youxian Shi” (Poems on the Wandering Immortal) and “Xian Ge” (Songs on the Immortal) to novels depicting journeys to the realms of immortals. He also examines biographical novels on the practice of self-cultivation, combining these with demotion myths to interpret the narrative structures of classic works such as Water Margin and Journey to the West, proposing that these narratives follow a structure of returning to the ranks of the immortals. LEE argues that Taoist mythology can continue the legacy of ancient mythology, serving as a "cultural treasure chest" that preserves cultural elements through its dynamic process of absorption and release. His fieldwork emphasizes the study of both public and private rituals, observing socio-cultural dynamics in events such as the Lantern Festival, Ghost Festival, Xia Yuan Festival (Three Yuan Festivals), Qingcheng Jianzhao (Temple Dedication Ceremony), and Wang-Jiao Ceremonies (a ritual of requesting blessings from deities), which are significant public, extraordinary activities within Han Chinese society. He also examines private rituals like funerals and fortune-changing ceremonies, exploring how mythology, rituals, and local society are interconnected. Additionally, LEE’s overseas research includes his publication “Transforming "Sacred Religion" into Daoism : festival, belief, and culture in the Chinese society of Malaysia” (《從聖教到道教：馬華社會的節俗、信仰與文化》), which analyzes how Malaysian Chinese communities adapt to environmental needs, gradually integrating festivals with religious teachings. His recent interdisciplinary research touches on Taoist iconography, collaborating with museums such as the Koxinga Museum in Tainan and the Museum of World Religions to host exhibitions. He also uses Taoist altar paintings to compare with treasured items at the National Palace Museum, such as Pictures of Immortal Mountains (仙山圖) and Pictures of San Guan's Inspection (三官考校圖), aiming to fill the gap of "Taoist Art" in Chinese art history.

學歷

國立政治大學中國文學研究所博士（1978年7月）
國立政治大學中國文學研究所碩士（1974年7月）
國立師範大學中國文學系學士（1969年7月）

經歷
2015.10-迄今 中央研究院中國文哲所兼任研究員
1992.8-2015.10 中央研究院中國文哲所研究員
1987.8-1992.7 國立政治大學中國文學系教授
1981.8-1987.7 國立政治大學中國文學系副教授
1978.8-1980.7 私立靜宜大學中國文學系副教授